![]() ![]() Here is what he wrote about the poor Roma from Transcarpathia, who dwelled in Russia: We should especially note Bessonov’s many years of struggle with stereotypes in the media, with racism and prejudice against the ever persecuted Romani people. He was the first to be sentenced to be shot, when in 1937, following Yezhov’s order, the camps were to be cleansed of “anti-Soviet elements” … Gogo Parfentievich was called “the elected king of the Moscow Gypsy camp” in the documents of Stalin’s executioners”. “ The headman of the Roma cell was the chief of the Gypsy band Gogo Stanesco. He had also found convincing examples, which testified that the repressions of the Roma in the USSR were not accidental: ![]() And their spiritual heirs sit in the Russian parliament and teach us “not to denigrate the glorious past”. Your executioners grew old, they received good pension and died surrounded by grandchildren. Rest in peace, an unknown daughter of nomadic people… There is not even a plaque on your grave. The name of the murdered woman was Frosya. Nikolay cared a great deal for the sufferings of the Roma in the past and present, and in his articles he wrote with pain about those who had not survived the repression: Much of what he has written down and publicized in the time that was left to him, now would be completely impossible to find. In order to discover the history of the Romani people who suffered from the great tragedies of the 20th century (genocide by the Nazis, the Second World War, the GULAG) Bessonov tirelessly traveled around the country, searched the archives, spoke with thousands of people, studied family histories. It is impossible not to pay tribute to his conscientious work, which was completely selfless and which unfortunately was appreciated and supported by very few people. Some of the generalizations he made may seem not completely grounded, some of his arguments may seem naive, but Bessonov’s undeniable merit was the collection of information and an honest search for real facts and personal stories. He published his work on his personal website, as well as on the website “Russian Roma”.īessonov was the only person who had systematically collected and published information about the participation of Soviet Roma in the Second World War and about the Roma victims of Stalinist repression. Not being either a historian or an anthropologist by education, he nevertheless collected and analyzed many important materials, personal stories, biographies of Roma people. The legacy of Bessonov is vast and varied, he worked very hard – writing, drawing, making research. The author studies also psychological possibilities used by Gypsy wives to affect their husbands’ decisions.Suddenly, the news came in of the untimely death of Nikolay Bessonov, a Russian artist, researcher of Russian Roma and a great friend of the Romani people. Sometimes, as it can be seen from examples, families were named for female ancestors. It is interesting, too, such a fact as Romani women could get a high social status with an elderly age, so that men take into account their opinion in traditional court. Though most nomadic Romani women couldn’t read, but indeed exclusions existed. Another little known subject is women’s literacy. Particularly, he writes about the fact that Romani women have actively taken part in a fight against Nazism during the World War II. The author want to show subjects that are hardly shown in special literature at the moment. NICOLAY BESSONOV 2018 FREEOutside of families they looked as free women, but inside they uncomplainingly received whipping. Gypsy fortune tellers had real economical independence. That created the basic paradox of their lives. At the same time, married Romani women lived at the mercy of patriarchy. They had to take the initiative and to show mother with every day to feed themselves and their relatives. ![]() The article shows how Romani women used to risk for husbands and children. To actualize this concept he studies recollections of nomadic life, focusing on Romani women’s traditional ways of earning, such as fortune-telling and begging, and their main value – a family. The author supposes that narrative sources should be used more actively. Till now, a state of nomadic Romani women has been described only from a position of an external observer. ![]()
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